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governed by the Chinese Communist Party under the one-party system. China is composed of more than 22 provinces, five autonomous regions and four municipalities directly administered (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing, two areas of high sentence Almatehma Hong Kong and Macau. Nation's capital is the city of Beijing.
Ancient Chinese civilization, one of the oldest civilizations in the world, where it flourished in the fertile basin of the Yellow River, which flows through the North China Plain. During the more than 6,000 in the political system in China on genetic monarchies (also known as dynasties). The first of these breeds Xia (about 2000 BC), but subsequent Qin Dynasty was the first unified the country in 221 BC. Ended last strains (Qing Dynasty) in 1911 with the founding of the Republic of China by the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Nationalist Party. The first half of the twentieth century, the fall of the country in a period of disintegration and civil wars that divided the country into two camps, two main political Kuomintang and the Communists. The violence ended the Great in 1949 when the Communists to resolve the civil war and founded the People's Republic of China in mainland China. Transfer KMT capital of his republic to Taipei in Taiwan, where currently limited sovereignty over Taiwan and Kinmen and Matsu Islands several remote. Since then, it has entered the People's Republic of China in political disputes with the Republic of China on the issues of sovereignty, the political status of Taiwan.
Since the introduction of economic reforms based on market system in 1978, China has become the fastest-growing economies in the world where it became the largest exporter in the world and the second largest importer of goods. China's economy is the second largest economy in the world, in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity. China is a permanent member of the Security Council of the United Nations. She is also a member of the multilateral organizations, including the WTO, APEC and BRIC and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Group of Twenty. China has a nuclear arsenal is recognized and its army is the largest in the world in service with the second-largest defense budget. China branded a potential superpower by a number of academics, military analysts and economists, analysts and public policy.
Tourism in China is China's tourism high and wide since China's economic reform, and that after the
emergence of the middle class rich new after facilitate the movement restrictions by the Chinese authorities witnessed China's era of prosperity, China now has become one of the countries most visited by tourists, China is currently the third more country visited by tourists, where saw in the year 2010 visit 55.98 million tourists and exchange foreign currencies reached 45.8 $ billion dollars, becoming the fourth most country in terms of trade, China has seen increasing foreign investment, of the leading tourist destinations in China is the great Wall of China which is one of the seven wonders of the new and the Forbidden City in Beijing, capital of China and the Bund in Shanghai, and the tomb of the first emperor Qin in Xi'an City and Mount Everest the highest peak in the world, which is located in the west of China and the city of Hong Kong and Macau in southern China and the beach of Sanya Hainan Island.
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